Corporate actions

Corporate actions are events initiated by a publicly traded company that directly impact its stakeholders, including shareholders, bondholders, and employees. These actions can significantly influence stock prices, investor sentiment, and the overall market. Below is a list of the top 100 corporate actions that commonly occur in stock markets:

Major Corporate Actions:

1. Stock Split – Dividing existing shares to increase liquidity.

2. Reverse Stock Split – Reducing the number of shares to increase share price.

3. Bonus Issue (Stock Dividend) – Issuing additional shares to existing shareholders.

4. Rights Issue – Offering new shares to existing shareholders at a discount.

5. Stock Buyback (Share Repurchase) – Company repurchasing its own shares.

6. Dividend Declaration – Regular or special dividend payouts to shareholders.

7. Interim Dividend – Dividend paid before the fiscal year-end.

8. Final Dividend – Dividend paid at the end of the fiscal year.

9. Special Dividend – One-time dividend distribution due to excess profits.

10. Cash Dividend – Dividend paid in cash instead of stock.

11. Scrip Dividend – Dividend paid in additional shares instead of cash.

12. Merger – Two companies combining to form a single entity.

13. Acquisition – One company purchasing another.

14. Demerger (Spin-off) – A division of a company becoming independent.

15. Takeover – Acquisition of a company without its consent (hostile takeover).

16. Joint Venture – Two companies forming a new entity for business cooperation.

17. IPO (Initial Public Offering) – First-time share issuance to the public.

18. FPO (Follow-on Public Offering) – Additional issuance of shares by a listed company.

19. Delisting – Removal of a company’s shares from stock exchanges.

20. Stock Exchange Listing – Getting listed on a stock exchange for trading.

21. Secondary Listing – Listing on another stock exchange besides the home exchange.

22. Buyback Tender Offer – Company offers to buy shares from shareholders at a premium.

23. Share Consolidation – Combining multiple shares into one.

24. Share Subdivision – Splitting a share into multiple smaller shares.

25. Stock Swap (Share Exchange) – Using shares instead of cash in an acquisition.

26. Poison Pill Strategy – A defense mechanism against hostile takeovers.

27. Golden Parachute – Lucrative benefits for executives if the company is taken over.

28. Shareholder Activism – Shareholders influencing company decisions.

29. Proxy Voting – Shareholders delegating voting power to a representative.

30. Management Buyout (MBO) – Company executives buying the firm from shareholders.

31. Leveraged Buyout (LBO) – Acquiring a company using borrowed funds.

32. Going Private – A public company becoming private.

33. Bankruptcy Filing (Chapter 11, Chapter 7, etc.) – Legal declaration of insolvency.

34. Liquidation – Selling off company assets to pay creditors and shareholders.

35. Receivership – A court-appointed entity managing the company during financial distress.

36. Debt Restructuring – Changing debt terms to avoid default.

37. Recapitalization – Restructuring a company’s debt and equity mixture.

38. Bridge Financing – Temporary short-term funding for companies.

39. Green Shoe Option – Over-allotment option in an IPO.

40. ESOP (Employee Stock Ownership Plan) – Offering shares to employees.

41. Stock Option Grant – Giving employees stock options as compensation.

42. Restricted Stock Units (RSU) – Employee compensation that vests over time.

43. Warrant Issue – Giving investors the right to buy shares at a future date.

44. Convertible Bonds Issue – Bonds that can be converted into shares.

45. Preference Shares Issue – Issuing shares with fixed dividends.

46. Corporate Bond Issue – Raising funds through bonds.

47. Green Bonds Issue – Raising funds for environmentally friendly projects.

48. Sovereign Bonds Issue – Government-backed bonds.

49. Infrastructure Bonds Issue – Bonds issued for infrastructure projects.

50. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) – Investing in a foreign company.

51. Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) Activity – Investments by foreign institutions.

52. Domestic Institutional Investor (DII) Activity – Local institutional investor activity.

53. Short Selling Ban – Temporary restriction on short selling.

54. Insider Trading Disclosure – Reporting stock trades by company insiders.

55. Trading Halt – Temporary suspension of stock trading.

56. Circuit Breaker Trigger – Market-wide halt due to extreme volatility.

57. Penny Stock Delisting – Removal of low-priced stocks from exchanges.

58. Class Action Lawsuit – Legal action by investors against a company.

59. Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) Reporting – Sustainability disclosures.

60. Corporate Governance Policy Change – Changes in company governance rules.

61. CEO or CFO Resignation – Leadership transition impacting stock prices.

62. Shareholder Meeting (AGM/EGM) – Key meetings for investor decisions.

63. Analyst Rating Upgrade/Downgrade – Impact of analysts’ opinions on stock price.

64. Company Rebranding – Changing corporate name or identity.

65. Change in Accounting Policies – Adjustments in financial reporting.

66. Currency Hedging Announcement – Risk management strategy for forex exposure.

67. Hedging Derivative Contracts – Use of options, futures, and swaps.

68. Private Placement of Shares – Selling shares to select investors.

69. Qualified Institutional Placement (QIP) – Selling shares to institutions.

70. GDR (Global Depository Receipt) Issue – Issuing shares to international investors.

71. ADR (American Depository Receipt) Issue – Issuing shares to US investors.

72. Treasury Stock Transactions – Company buying/selling its own shares.

73. Regulatory Investigation – Government probes impacting share price.

74. Financial Restatements – Revising previously reported financial results.

75. Anti-Dumping Duty Announcement – Trade restrictions impacting stocks.

76. Trade War Impact Announcements – Tariff-related corporate statements.

77. Product Recalls – Market impact due to defective products.

78. Patent Approval/Litigation – Intellectual property rights influencing stock.

79. Drug Approval (Pharmaceuticals) – FDA or equivalent agency approval.

80. Cybersecurity Breach Disclosure – Hacking incidents affecting stock.

81. Data Privacy Violation Disclosure – Fines and penalties for breaches.

82. New Government Contracts – Large contracts impacting stock.

83. Joint Development Agreements (JDAs) – Collaborative business ventures.

84. Royalty Agreements – Licensing intellectual property for revenue.

85. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives – Sustainability moves.

86. Dividend Reinvestment Plan (DRIP) – Investors reinvesting dividends.

87. Depository Receipts Cancellation – Ending foreign stock listings.

88. Index Inclusion/Exclusion – A stock entering or exiting a major index.

89. Free Float Adjustment – Change in publicly traded shares.

90. Voting Rights Changes – Alteration in shareholder voting power.

91. Lawsuits & Legal Settlements – Financial implications for stocks.

92. Anti-Money Laundering (AML) Violations – Regulatory non-compliance.

93. Supply Chain Disruptions – Logistics issues impacting stock.

94. Inflation Impact Reports – Cost pressures on corporate earnings.

95. Interest Rate Sensitivity Reports – Influence of central bank decisions.

96. Management Guidance Update – Company’s revised financial outlook.

97. Quarterly & Annual Earnings Reports – Performance impact on stock.

98. Stock Lending & Borrowing (SLB) – Institutional lending of shares.

99. Dual-Class Share Structure Changes – Adjustments in share voting rights.

100. Capital Expenditure Announcements – Investment plans impacting valuation.